2 WIN-WIN STRATEGY 1. Most shoreline development projects are actually zero-sum projects. Some get a luxurious mansion or a seashore dock for their yacht, while others lose a “wild beach” they used for many years to sunbathe, fish, or swim. Sounds like a clear example of social inequality and flashy consumerism. 2. Even projects aimed to create embankments or widen beaches are not liked by locals either, since the entire seashore will have to be crammed with cafés, rental shops, hotels, and sales points in order to cover the cost of such projects. What was once a tranquil and romantic beach now turns into a busy burger-selling, beer-pouring, money-making machine. 3. Civil discontent, eco-activists, protests - all that is common occurrence during any seashore construction. But is there a reasonable alternative? Or is the better option just to leave it all “as is”? 3.1 Most annoying factors for locals: * Restricted or paid access to the shoreline. * Impossibility to get into water in any place (like on a wild beach) because of support walls, tetrapods, embankments, balusters, and other obstructions. * No sand - the shore is paved or asphalted over. * Nowhere to swim (it’s too deep straightaway or there is a quay for small boats). * Dirty or stale water. * Noise, trash, and too many people. 3.2 Most desirable factors for investors: * A view of the sea * Extremely easy access to water [One Jump To Paradise]. * Possibility for comfortable seasonal living and/or seasonal berthing of small boats, water scooters and kayaks, or sailboats. * Availability of private zones. * Relative tranquility. * A promenade or a promenade area.

3 4. The best compromise that will satisfy everyone as much as possible is the concept of a Sea Village. It is a high-tech, contemporary interpretation of a “sea nomad village” - a settlement fully built above water 20-50 meter away from the shore and connected to it only via a long pier acting as an “umbilical” for public utilities. 4.1 This preserves the “wild beach” in its pristine form and ensures free access to it. 4.2 Cooperative construction makes it possible to considerably reduce the price for one square meter of palafitte and “parking space” for a boat. Such villages also allow to create developed public spaces and offer great recreational opportunities to the locals without taking anything from them in return. 4.3 A low cost of the water area and of the construction itself makes it possible to do away without any commercial space at all. In turn, this helps preserve privacy and tranquility. 4.4 What is more, building on bluff shores [without normal pedestrian access] or shallow banks allows for creation of an additional isolated artificial terraced beach. 4.5 The use of wet garages, groins, and fenced pools will help protect the village territory from sea waves without the need to create large water areas. 4.6 Widespread use of dry parking spaces (such as ramps or boat lifts) for water scooters, kayaks, and small boats will create a unique atmosphere of a marina but without any moles, and therefore without any damage to hydrobionts.

4 TYPES OF HYDRANTULA FITTINGS 1. Monofitting - a universal fitting that will be enough to assemble an entire structure (Y4, Y2, V3, K2, S3, S4, C7). 2. Bifittings - a set of 2 fittings sufficient to assemble an entire structure (B61+B62; L2+L1; R3 +R1; U45+M13). (!) There is often no clear distinction between bifittings and monofittings. For example, a full structure can be made not only from a combination of L2+L1, but also from L2 (without L1) or L1 (without L2) fittings only. The same is true with R3 (without R1) fittings and vice versa. Or B61 (without B62) or B62 (without B61). 3. Service fittings are fittings that ensure easy attachment of structures with concrete pumps - D2, J5 and D3. Generally, a fitting can be attached to a concrete pump with a standard concrete line (a flat ready-made cast-iron line or a hose). However, when building concrete structures far away from the shore, flushing and emptying the concrete line will be difficult. But using a disposable (sacrificial) concrete line from an HDPE pipe is a cheap and simple alternative. D1, D2 and D3 fittings make it possible to make a quick and inexpensive concrete line from a standard ∅125mm or ∅110mm HDPE pipe. 4. Functional fittings are fittings that perform the same function in different series of fittings. a) DS6 - alternating tread stairs for getting out of water; DS1 - a tread b) N2 - a hammock or decking bracket N7 - a hammock bracket N5 - a sun lounger c) M11, J11 - pipe manifolds d) X32 - frame top for a “pipe wall” e) D5 - a cantilever cap with attachments for mooring. 5. Standard structural shapes. In many cases, it makes more sense to use structural HDPE fittings (pipe bends, T-joints, adapter couplings) to assemble structures.

5 Terraced beach/ Seawall There are 4 different methods of coastal protection: * Seawall * Terraced beach * Groin * Gabions In the case with the Seawall, the goal is to find the most compact and inexpensive solution for preventing shore and seabed erosion by waves and create a smooth but sharp [> 45°] transition between “a flat high coast” and “a flat seabed”. Moreover, the protected bluff can be backfilled with fine rock fraction instead of select rubble. An easy access to the water may be ensured via a built-in staircase or not provided at all. A seawall is more preferable for marinas, moorage, breakwaters or when setting up wet garages, ramps, boat lifts or quays, i.e. anywhere where the pedestrian area is not intended for recreational use and where boats must be able to get as close to the shore as possible. The optimal solution for such tasks is to use seawalls based on U45/ Х32/M13 fittings. In cases when beaches are in use, easy access to water and aesthetics should be prioritized, which means it is more important to create pretty patterns from shorter steps [sand terraces] with creative shapes [zigzags, waves, or scales]. Hydrantula offers a tried-and-true solution based on Х31/X32/M13 fittings. Groins are constructed using Х11/Х32/M13 fittings. Gabions are constructed using the M5 fitting. Wet garage / Berth. A wet boat garage outside a marina (G1) is a seawall that goes down to the “seabed” and protects the “garage”

6 from three sides from waves and forms a base for a concrete wall frame. With proper gate orientation it will be possible to prevent accumulation of various deposits on the garage floor or waves hitting the boat shell. G1 structures are also suitable for cooperative storage of floating craft. Boatlift B61/B62 is a box-shaped construction form for assembling a boat lift with a canopy. A boat that’s lifted above water is safe from growth or corrosion and is unaffected by moderate sea. The box-shaped form can be covered with water-resistant materials. This shape also makes it possible to add a storage or a lounge room to the structure. It is also suitable for cooperative storage of floating craft. The V3 structure allows to winch a motorboat or a yacht on a metal skid or platform with rollers and supports on 4 or 6 angled rails. The V3 is multipurpose and can fit any contour. Boat ramp S3 / R3 - A lateral trolley ramp [S3] or a rail-gang with rollers [R3] make it possible to lift a boat [including a catamaran] out of water with a winch. A ramp attached to a moorage wall will allow to move the boat into a garage on the shore.

Wet Keelblock. There is a term called “navigation season”, which is applicable to almost all temperate and subpolar water areas. It may be defined by passage of commercial fish, seasonal storms, rainy seasons, or low water temperatures, when there is no practical reason to go out into the sea. During such periods, boats are often brought onto shores for repair or storage on skids. Hydrantula’s concrete skids allow to store floating craft on unequipped shores and even in shallow water, cutting costs and saving up marina space. Manifold. Unlike their plumbing analogues, Hydrantula’s manifolds are designed to allow for pipe passthrough through their housings; we also offer corner manifolds and even T-junction manifolds. Manifolds make it possible to construct large seamless “timbered” seawalls that can effectively dissipate wave energy. Auxiliary Fittings. Hydrantula also offers additional fittings for assembling cantilevers or concrete lines; attaching pontoons, setting up ladders into water, mooring PWC, etc. 7 PLUNGE POOL AND WAVE ENERGY. Most inexperienced builders of private embankments and quays think all a good structure needs is just a thick enough monolithic concrete wall - say, a meter thick. Just pour it in and your quay’s done! However, although such structure would be strong enough to withstand wave impacts, it does not guarantee long-term stability. Fast-forward to a couple years later, and our builders suddenly discover that their quay has eroded from below and is now either falling into the sea or “hangs from stilts”. Meanwhile, the shore behind the seawall is actively eroding and falling apart. Not only sandy or loamy soil can erode away, but even pebbles with the size of a fist. When sea waves monotonously hit the quay wall 24/7 all year round, all that energy has to go somewhere. Some of the energy (50%) turns into splashes and vertical spouts of water, some goes into abrasive wearing of the concrete. The other half, however, hits the seabed under the quay and erodes the soil

8 under the foundation. The effect remains strong until a depth of about 4 meters. Only quay walls that are at least 5 meters deep or more are generally not prone to plunge pool erosion. To slow down seabed erosion, it is important to either build a wide horizontal “seabed” shelf from a strong enough material (concrete, steel), or angle the quay wall “away from the sea” by about 30°-45° to help divert most of the wave energy away from the seabed and towards the top of the structure. Alternatively, it is also possible to replace the smooth wall with a more complex shape that will effectively dissipate wave energy. But the best approach is to use all three methods together. Or build the structure in such a way so that the plunge pool would naturally fill up with pebbles (boulders) from the gabion without a seabed or backfill of soil behind the wall. Hydrantula systems based on the U60 Jetty fitting have a timber-like wall with a 30° incline, which helps reduce the load on the seabed by about a half thanks to dissipation and diversion of wave energy upwards. Such wall can naturally fill up the plunge pool with backfilled pebbles and has a seabed shelf. Additionally, U60 structures have long back outriggers and a front shelf that act as skirts preventing the structure from toppling over into the sea with minimal backfill maintenance required. U60 systems also support attachment of berthing “tackles” for fixing small boats at a distance of up to 2 meters from the quay wall, outside the vertical stationary wave zone. X6 (Cribbs) and G4 (Sea Gabbio) fittings are modern versions of these structures that ensure stability thanks to effective wave energy dissipation “on the rocks” and automatically fill up the plunge pool with boulders comprising their own internal filling. Such systems can withstand breaking waves several times longer than standard quay walls in shallow waters. And thanks to their large mass, they are barely susceptible to freezing and ice drifts. These systems can also be used as breakwaters and underwater elements of walls for wet boat garages.

9 W2 concrete stationary skids by Hydrantula are perfect for storing floating craft above water when thereъs not much available dry space in the marina. Can also be used for Шpermanent mooringЧ of old yachts, motorboats and catamarans used as stationary houseboats. When combined with X6 or G4, they can be used to create whole communities in picturesque bays.

10 G4 gabions can be used as groins, breakwaters, coast- protecting structures or small moles. Lightweight when empty and tremendously heavy when filled with rock, the gabion is perfect for marine construction in remote bays.

Hydrantula systems based on the U60 Jetty fitting have a timber-like wall with a 30° incline, which helps reduce the load on the seabed by about a half thanks to dissipation and diversion of wave energy upwards. It can naturally fill up the plunge pool with backfilled pebbles, and has a seabed shelf. U60 structures also have long back outriggers and a front shelf that act as skirts preventing the structure from toppling over into the sea while requiring minimal backfill maintenance. 11

X6 (Cribbs) and G4 (Sea Gabbio) fittings are modernized versions of structures that remain stable thanks to effective wave energy dissipation Шon the rocksЧ and automatically fill up the plunge pool with boulders from their own internal filling. Such systems can withstand breaking waves several times longer than standard quay walls in shallow waters. And thanks to their large mass, they are barely susceptible to freezing and ice drifts. They can also be used as breakwaters and underwater elements of walls for wet boat garages. 12

13 The most expensive and the most useless port of a marina is the mole. Hydrantula technology can turn the mole into a marinaъs recreation center, its promenade through the breaking waves. U45 - A system of terraced support walls used to protect the mole at a depth of up to 12 meters, while also ensuring easy access to water and allowing to moor small boats. X11 - A groin system that allows to restore and maintain sandy beaches quickly and Шfor freeЧ or create artificial beaches at a depth of up to 3 meters.

14 System A is the foundation of life above water. It is designed for depths up to 5 m and can be used in tidal zones and areas prone to flooding. Reliable and frost-resistant, it is designed to last decades.

Y2 - a coastal structure for launching water scooters via rollers. Y4 - A deep-water structure with a longitudinal cradle for launching small sailboats and water scooters. Installation depth up to 3 meters. R3 - a structure for catamarans and centerboard-equipped boats. 15

An ideal sea cruise often doesnъt need any gasoline. Some marbled meat, a bottle of cognac, and the boys is more than enough. What youъll definitely need, though, is an unsinkable yacht with couches and a fire-pit. G1 - a system for 1-2 wet garages that in good hands can be seamlessly expanded with mess-rooms, bunks, and galleys. V3 - a system for 1-2 heavy berthing lifts, which can sometimes be turned into an entire floating villa. 16

Global warming and sea level rise [SLR] put up to 25% of coasts in the US and Japan at risk of erosion. Current coast protection methods are generally prohibitively expensive and fully strip coasts of any recreational potential. U45 - A system of terraced support walls used at a depth of up to 12 meter. Ensures easy access to water and allows to moor small boats. X11 - A groin system that allows to restore and maintain sandy beaches quickly and “for free” or create artificial beaches [up to 3 meters]. 17